'If you aren't married yet, you'll be married to your treatment from now on': embodied mediations in a women's HIV peer advisory project in Mexico.

Treatment as Prevention is a key biopolitical intervention on the HIV epidemic but relies on individual adherence to antiretroviral treatment in order to have an effect on the population as a whole. Informed by a discussion of biopower, this paper analyses the complex relationships between discourses of competent authorities and modes of subjectification through a qualitative analysis of findings from 5 years of fieldwork associated with the action-research project Yantzin: Women HIV Peer Advisors in Mexico. It looks at the production of subjects of adherence, whereby peer advisors emerge as key agents at the interface between scientific and experiential knowledge. Contradictorily, the desire to live becomes feasible only by engaging with these biopolitical interventions. We discuss how peer advisors twist these technologies in such a way that they provide not only operations of power but also courses of action for desire. Through embodied mediation strategies that critique obedience to medical prescription and translate scientific information into bodily and emotionally shared experiences, peer advisors' work goes beyond the behavioural rationality of biomedical models offering embodied proof for other women that, even when living with HIV, a project of happiness is possible.

Terapia sexual y normalización: significados del malestar sexual en mujeres y hombres diagnosticados con disfunción sexual / Sexual therapy and normalization: meanings of sexual discontent in women and men diagnosed with sexual dysfunction

En los últimos veinticinco años, instituciones y profesionales interesados en brindar terapia sexual se han establecido en las áreas urbanas de México. El tratamiento de las disfunciones sexuales es tanto farmacéutico como conductual. Estudios sociohistóricos han señalado las particularidades y limitaciones de las aproximaciones biomédicas a los malestares sexuales. En este estudio presentamos una serie de reflexiones en torno a la noción de disfunción sexual y los presupuestos bioconductuales que sostienen su tratamiento en terapia sexual. El objetivo del estudio fue comprender los significados del malestar sexual en un grupo abierto y mixto de terapia sexual, que se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de México en sesiones semanales de dos horas. Aunque se realizaron observaciones de las sesiones durante un año, para un análisis detallado se seleccionaron veinte de ellas. En esas sesiones participaron intermitentemente tres mujeres terapeutas sexuales, y quince mujeres y diez hombres diagnosticados con algún tipo de disfunción sexual. Un análisis cualitativo de los diálogos demostró que los significados de malestar sexual están fuertemente ligados al establecimiento de un modelo ideal de normalidad sexual. Este modelo se refiere a un estándar de desempeño sexual al cual las personas debían adaptarse con el objetivo de cumplir con los estándares de normalidad. El género es un elemento constitutivo de dicho modelo, inequidades y relaciones significantes de poder son reguladas, reproducidas y reafirmadas a través del modelo que sostiene la terapia sexual.

In the last 25 years, professionals and institutions who are interested in spreading sexual therapy have become firmly established in urban areas of Mexico. The treatment of sexual dysfunctions includes both pharmaceutical treatment and sexual training. Sociohistorical studies have indicated the particularities and limitations of biomedical approaches to sexual difficulties. In this paper, we present some reflections around the concept of sexual dysfunction and the bio-behavioral procedures that support their treatment in sexual therapy. This paper intends to understand the meanings of sexual discontent in a group of sexual therapy that took place in Mexico City. The group, defined as open and mixed, had a two-hour session once a week. Although we carried out non-participant observation for a one year period, we selected 20 sessions for a final analysis. Three sexual therapists, 15 female and 10 male patients participated in the sessions selected for the analysis. Qualitative analysis of dialogues carried out in sexual therapy group demonstrated that in sexual therapy the meanings of sexual discontent are closely linked to an ideal model of sexual normality. This model refers to a standard of sexual performance to which people should adapt in order to comply with normality standards. Gender is constitutive of said model supported by sexual therapy, and thus inequalities and significant power relations are regulated, reproduced and reaffirmed through it.